ISTILAH -ISTILAH EKONOMI BAHASA INGGRIS (ECONOMIC TERMS)

 ISTILAH ISTILAH EKONOMI BAHASA INGGRIS

ECONOMIC TERMS

 START FROM A - R

                 START FROM A

 1. Adaptive Expectation

2.       Adverse Selection

3.       Advertising

4.       Agency Cost

5.       Agriculture Police

6.       Agriculture

7.       Altruism

8.       Amortisation

9.       Animal Spirits

10.   Antitrust

11.   Appreciation

12.   Arbitrage

13.   Arbitrage Pricing Theory

14.   Asian Crisis

15.   Assets

16.   Asymmetric Information

17.   Asymmetric Shock

18.   Auctions

19.   Austrian Economic

20.   Autarky

21.   Average

                  START FROM B

1.       Backwardation

2.       Balance on Payments

3.       Balance Budget

4.       Bank

5.       Bankruptcy

6.       Barriers to Entry (or Exit)

7.       Barter

8.       Basel 1 and 2

9.       Basis Point

10.   Bear

11.   Behavioral Economics

12.   Beta

13.   Big Mac Index

14.   Black Economy

15.   Black-Scholes

16.   Bonds

17.   Bounded Rationality

18.   Brand

19.   Bretton Woods

20.   Bubble

21.   Budget

22.   Bull

23.   Business Confidence

24.   Business Cycle

25.   Buyer’s Market

START FROM C

1.       Cannibalize

2.       Capacity

3.       Capital

4.       Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR)

5.       Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAMP)

6.       Capital Control

7.       Capital Flight

8.       Capital Gains

9.       Capital Intensive

10.   Capital Markets

11.   Capital Structure

12.   Capitalism

13.   Cartel

14.   Catch-Up Effect

15.   Central Bank

16.   Cateris Paribus

17.   Charity

18.   Chicago School

19.   Classical Economics

20.   Closed Economy

21.   Collateral

22.   Command Economy

23.   Commoditisation

24.   Commodity

25.   Communism

26.   Comparative Advantage

27.   Competition

28.   Competitive Advantage

29.   Competitiveness

30.   Complementary Goods

31.   Compound Interest

32.   Concentration

33.   Conditionality

34.   Consumer Confidence

35.   Consumer Prices

36.   Consumer Surplus

37.   Consumption

38.   Contagion

39.   Contestable Market

40.   Corruption

41.   Cost of Capital

42.   Cost-Benefit Analysis

43.   Credit

44.   Credit Creation

45.   Credit Crunch

46.    Creditor

47.   Crony Capitalism

48.   Crowding Out

49.   Currency Board

50.   Currency Peg

START FROM D

1.       Default

2.       Deficit

3.       Deflation

4.       Demand

5.       Demand curve

6.       Demographics

7.       Deposit insurance

8.       Depreciation

9.       Depression

10.   Deregulation

11.   Derivatives

12.   Devaluation

13.   Developing countries

14.   Development economics

15.   Diminishing returns

16.   Direct taxation

17.   Discount rate

18.   Discounted cashflow

19.   Disequilibrium

20.   Disinflation

21.   Disintermediation

22.   Diversification

23.   Dividend

24.   Division of labour

25.   Dollarisation

26.   Dominant firm

27.   Dumping

  

START FROM E

1.       Econometrics

2.       Economic and monetary union

3.       Economic indicator

4.       Economic man

5.       Economic sanctions

6.       Economics

7.       Economies of scale

8.       Efficiency

9.       Efficiency wages

10.   Efficient market hypothesis

11.   Elasticity

12.   Endogenous

13.   Engel’s law

14.   Enron

15.   Enterprise

16.   Entrepreneur

17.   Environmental economics

18.   Equilibrium

19.   Equity

20.   Equity risk premium

21.   Euro

22.   Euro zone

23.   Eurodollar

24.   European central bank

25.   European union

26.   Evolutionary economics

27.   Excess return

28.   Exchange  controls

29.   Exchange rate

30.   Exogenous

31.   Expectations

32.   Expected returns

33.   Expenditure tax

34.   Export credit

35.   Exports

36.   Externality

START FROM F 

1.       Factor cost

2.       Factors of production

3.       Factory prices

4.       Fair trade

5.       Federal reserve system

6.       Financial center

7.       Financial instrument

8.       Financial intermediary

9.       Financial system

10.   Fine tuning

11.   Firms

12.   Firs-mover advantage

13.   Fiscal drag

14.   Fiscal neutrality

15.   Fiscal policy

16.   Fixed cost

17.   Flotation

18.   Forecasting

19.   Foreign direct investment

20.   Free trading

21.   Free trade

22.   Frictional unemployment

23.   Friedman, milton

24.   Full employment

25.   Fungible

START FROM G

1.       G7, G8, G10, G21, G22, G26

2.       Game theory

3.       GDP

4.       Gearing

5.       General agreement on tariffs and trade

6.       General equilibrium

7.       Generational accounting

8.       Giffen goods

9.       Gilts

10.   Gini coefficient

11.   Global public goods

12.   Globalization

13.   GNI

14.   Gold

15.   Gold standard

16.   Golden rule

17.   Government

18.   Government expenditure

19.   Greenspan, Alan

20.   Gresham’s law

START FROM H

1. Growth

2.  Hard currency

3.  Hawala

4.  Hayek, friedrich

5.  Hedge

6.  Hedge funds 
7. Herfindahl-hirschman index

8. Horizontal equity
9. Horizontal integration

10. Hot money

11.  House prices

12.  Human capital

13.  Human development index

14.  Hyper-inflation

15.  Hypothecation

16.  Hysteresis

START FROM I

1.       Ilo

2.       Imf

3.       Imports

4.       Income

5.       Income effect

6.       Income tax

7.       Incumbent advantage

8.       Index numbers

9.       Indexation

10.   Indifference curve

11.   Indirect taxation

12.   Inelastic

13.   Inequality

14.   Inferior goods

15.   Inflation

16.   Inflation target

17.   Information

18.   Infrastructure

19.   Innovation

20.   Insider trading

21.   Institutional investors

22.   Insurance

23.   Intangible assets

24.   Intellectual capital

25.   Interest

26.   Interest rate

27.   International aid

28.   Intervention

29.   Investment

30.   Invisible hand

31.   Invisible trade

32.   Inward investment

                 START FROM L

1.       Labour intensive

2.       Labour market flexibility

3.       Labour theory of value

4.       Laffer curve

5.       Lagging indicators

6.       Laissez-faire

7.       Land

8.       Land tax

9.       Law and economic

10.   Leading indicators

11.   Leveraged buy-out

12.   Liberal economic

13.   Liberalization

14.   Libor

15.   Life

16.   Life-cycle hypothesis

17.   Liquidity preference

18.   Liquidity trap

19.   Long run

20.   Lump of labour fallacy

21.   Lump-sum tax

22.   Luxuries

                  START FROM M

1.       Macroeconomic policy

2.       Macroeconomics

3.       Manufacturing

4.       Marginal

5.       Market capitalization

6.       Market failure

7.       Market forces

8.       Market power

9.       Marshall plan

10.   Marshall,alfred

11.   Mark, karl

12.   Mean reversion

13.   Medium term

14.   Menu cost

15.   Mercantilism

16.   Minimum wage

17.   Misery index

18.   Mixed economy

19.   Mobility

20.   Modelling

21.   Modern portofolio theory

22.   Monetarism

23.   Monetary neutrality

24.   Monetary policy

25.   Money

26.   Money illusion

27.   Money markets

28.   Money supplay

29.   Monopolistic competition

30.   Monopoly

31.   Monopsony

32.   Moral hazard

33.   Most-favoured nation

34.   Multiplier

                  START FROM N

1.       Nafta

2.       Nairu

3.       Nash equilibrium

4.       Nation building

5.       National dept

6.       National income

7.       Nationalization

8.       Natural monopoly

9.       Natural rate of unemployment

10.   Negative income tax

11.   Neo-classical economic

12.   Net present value

13.   Network effect

14.   New economy

15.   New trade theory

16.   Ngo

17.   Nobel prize for economic

18.   Nominal value

19.   Non-price competition

20.   Normal goods

21.   Normative economics

22.   Null hyphothesis

                  START FROM O

1.       Oecd

2.       Offshore

3.       Okun’s law

4.       Oligopoly

5.       Opec

6.       Open economy

7.       Open-market operation

8.       Opportunity cost

9.       Optimal currency area

10.   Optimum

11.   Output

12.   Output

13.   Output gap

14.   Outsourcing

15.   Outward investment

16.   Over the counter

17.   Over heating

18.   Overshooting

                  START FROM P

1.       Pareto efficiency

2.       Paris club

3.       Patents

4.       Path depedence

5.       Peak pricing

6.       Percentage point

7.       Percentile

8.       Perfect competition

9.       Permanent income hypothesis

10.   Philips curve

11.   Pigou effect

12.   Plaza accord

13.   Population

14.   Positional goods

15.   Positive economic

16.   Poverty

17.   Poverty trap

18.   Precautionary motive

19.   Predatory pricing

20.   Preference

21.   Price

22.   Price discrimination

23.   Price elasticity

24.   Price mechanism

25.   Price regulation

26.   Price/earning ratio

27.   Prisoner’s dilemma

28.   Private equity

29.   Privatisation

30.   Probability

31.   Producer surplus

32.   Production function

33.   Productivity

34.   Profit

35.   Profit margin

36.   Profit maximisation

37.   Progressive taxation

38.   Property rights

39.   Prospect theory

40.   Protectionism

41.   Public goods

42.   Public spending

43.   Public utility

44.   Public-private

45.   Purchasing power parity

START FROM Q

1.       Quantity theory of money

2.       Quartile

3.       Queueing

4.       Quota

5.       Squared

START FROM R

6.       Random walk

7.       Rate of return

8.       Rate of return regulation

9.       Rating

10.   Rational expectations

11.   Rationing

12.   Recession

13.   Reciprocity

14.   Redlining

15.   Reflation

16.   Region policy

17.   Regression analysis

18.   Regressive tax

19.   Regulation

20.   Regulatory arbitrage

21.   Regulatory capture

22.   Regulatory capture

23.   Regulatory failure

24.   Regulatory risk

25.   Relative income hypothesis

26.   Rent

27.   Rent-seeking

28.   Replacement cost

29.   Replacement rate

30.   Repo

31.   Required return

32.   Rescheduling

33.   Reservation wage

34.   Reserve currency

35.   Reserve ratio

36.   Reserve requirements

37.   Reserves

38.   Residual risk

39.   Restrictive practice

40.   Returns

41.   Reveled preference

42.   Ricardian equivalence